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Coordinate Geometry · Mathematics

Conic Constructions Lab Simulation

Trace the centre of a circle that keeps touching a line and a circle, two circles from inside and outside, or two separate circles, and watch a parabola, an ellipse and a hyperbola appear. Slide a rod down a wall, then move and turn an ellipse and see its equation gain an xy term.

Interactive virtual lab · no download · works on phones and laptops

Chapter
Conic Sections
For
Class 11 · JEE
Time
~25 min

Conic Constructions Lab is a Pro simulation

Pro opens all 125 virtual labs — 483 simulations with guides and quizzes.

How to use it

  1. 1Pick a module from the list; drag the orange points or type exact values.
  2. 2Press Play to trace P, Clear trace or Replay; tick the theoretical curve to compare.
  3. 3Predict before revealing, read Derive for the proof, and Practise for marked problems.

What to notice

  • A circle touching a fixed circle and a line has its centre on a parabola whose directrix is the line moved R further away.
  • Inside one circle and outside another: PF₁ + PF₂ = R₁ + R₂, an ellipse.
  • Touching two separate circles: |PF₁ − PF₂| = |R₁ − R₂|, one branch of a hyperbola; equal radii give a straight line.
  • A point on a sliding rod traces x²/(tL)² + y²/((1 − t)L)² = 1; the midpoint traces a circle.
  • Turning an ellipse keeps its shape and area but adds an xy term to its equation.

For teachers

A ready-made teaching kit comes with this lab

  • Lesson plan

    28 min, 4 steps

  • Ask the class

    4 questions with answers

  • Quick quiz

    6 questions, printable

  • Key formulas

    5 formulas

About the Conic Constructions Lab simulation

A locus is the path of a point that obeys a rule. Many conics appear as loci of circle centres. If a moving circle touches a fixed circle (centre F, radius R) from outside and also touches a fixed line l, then PF = R + r and the distance from P to l is r, so PF equals the distance from P to the line l′ drawn R beyond l: a parabola with focus F and directrix l′ (not l). A circle inside one fixed circle and outside another gives PF₁ + PF₂ = R₁ + R₂, an ellipse; a circle touching two separate circles gives |PF₁ − PF₂| = |R₁ − R₂|, one branch of a hyperbola, or the perpendicular bisector when the radii are equal.

This Conic Constructions Lab builds each of these on a coordinate board: drag the fixed circles and the line, press Play, and the centre of the moving circle traces its path while the tangencies hold exactly. Tick the theoretical conic to see the trace land on it. Two more modules follow the same idea: a point on a rod sliding between a wall and the floor traces x²/(tL)² + y²/((1 − t)L)² = 1 (the midpoint a quarter circle), and an ellipse defined by perpendicular distances is translated and rotated, showing that its shape never changes while its x, y equation gains an xy term. Every module has Predict, Derive and Practise steps.

Also covers: locus, geometric locus, conic construction, parabola from circle and line, ellipse from two circles, hyperbola from two circles, focus directrix, sliding ladder locus, falling rod ellipse, rotation of ellipse, translation of axes, xy term, circle tangency locus.

Frequently asked questions

What is the locus of the centre of a circle touching a fixed circle and a fixed line?

A parabola. Its focus is the centre of the fixed circle and its directrix is the given line moved a distance R (the fixed radius) further from the circle.

What is the locus of the centre of a circle touching two circles, one inside the other?

An ellipse with the two centres as foci and major axis R₁ + R₂, because the moving radius cancels when the two tangency distances are added.

What does the midpoint of a sliding ladder trace?

A quarter circle of radius L/2 centred at the corner, because the midpoint of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equidistant from all three vertices.

Why does a rotated ellipse have an xy term?

Writing its own coordinates u and v in terms of x and y mixes them; the cross terms add up to 2 sinθ cosθ (1/a² − 1/b²) xy, which is zero only for θ a multiple of 90° or a circle.